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The Glucose Fasting & PP Panel is an essential tool for diagnosing and managing diabetes. Early detection through this panel allows for timely and effective management of diabetes, improving overall health and preventing serious complications.

Symptoms and Causes of Diabetes

The symptoms of diabetes can vary but often include:

• Frequent Urination: High blood glucose levels cause increased urination as the kidneys work to remove excess glucose.
• Excessive Thirst: Increased urination leads to dehydration, causing extreme thirst.
• Unexplained Weight Loss: Despite eating normally, the body cannot utilise glucose effectively, leading to weight loss, particularly in Type 1 diabetes.
• Fatigue: Inadequate glucose utilisation results in low energy levels.
• Blurred Vision: High glucose levels can cause swelling in the eye lenses, affecting vision.
• Slow Healing of Wounds: High blood glucose impairs the body's healing processes.
• Tingling or Numbness in the Hands or Feet: Nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood glucose levels.

The causes of diabetes differ for each type. Type 1 diabetes results from an autoimmune attack on the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is primarily caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, and obesity. Gestational diabetes is triggered by hormonal changes during pregnancy that affect insulin sensitivity.

Tests done to Diagnose Diabetes

Diagnosing diabetes involves several tests that measure blood glucose levels:

• Fasting Blood Glucose Test: This test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast. A level of 126 mg/dL or higher indicates diabetes.
• Random Blood Glucose Test: This measures blood glucose at any time of the day. Levels of 200 mg/dL or higher suggest diabetes.
• Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): This test involves measuring blood glucose before and two hours after consuming a sugary drink. A level of 200 mg/dL or higher after two hours indicates diabetes.
• HbA1c Test: This test measures the average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. An HbA1c level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.