Who Should Get an HbA1c Test? From Diabetics to High-Risk Individuals

The HbA1c test is one of the most useful ways to understand how your blood sugar has been behaving over time. Unlike a fasting or random glucose test, it tells you the average level over the past two to three months. This can help spot early warning signs, monitor diabetes, or simply offer peace of mind if you're at risk.

If you're wondering whether you should take the test, this guide will help. It explains what the HbA1c test means, who should get an HbA1c test, how it works, and what the results can tell you.

What Is the HbA1c Test?

The HbA1c test, also called the glycated haemoglobin test, measures the percentage of glucose attached to your red blood cells. Since red blood cells live for about 90 to 120 days, the result gives a reliable picture of your average blood sugar over the past two to three months.

Doctors use the test to both diagnose diabetes and monitor how well a person’s condition is being managed over time.

How Is the HbA1c Test Done?

The HbA1c blood test is quick and straightforward. A sample is usually taken from a vein in your arm, though in some cases, a finger-prick method may be used.

There’s no need to fast before taking this test. It can be done at any time of the day. That makes it convenient, especially for people with regular work schedules or those going for routine checkups.

What Do HbA1c Test Results Mean?

Results are reported as a percentage. The higher the percentage, the higher your average blood sugar level. Here’s how they’re typically interpreted:

These diagnostic cut-offs are based on global clinical guidelines and are widely followed in India as well. Some Indian studies suggest slightly lower thresholds might be useful in high-risk populations but these values remain standard for diagnosis.

Who Should Get an HbA1c Test?

The HbA1c test is useful not just for people already diagnosed with diabetes but also for individuals at higher risk, even if they haven’t experienced clear symptoms yet.

You may want to consider this test if you:

• Have been diagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes
• Have previously been told you have prediabetes
• Are 30 years or older and have any of the following risk factors:
  
  
  • A family history of diabetes
  • Overweight or obesity
  • High blood pressure or cholesterol
  • A sedentary lifestyle
  • PCOS or a history of gestational diabetes

According to Indian health recommendations, screening should begin at age 30* if risk factors are present. Early testing can help detect issues before they escalate, giving you time to make lifestyle changes or seek treatment.

How Often Should You Take the HbA1c Test?

How often you need the test depends on your health status:

• If you have diabetes: It's generally advised to test every three to six months, depending on how stable your blood sugar levels are and whether your treatment plan has changed.
• If you're at risk: A yearly HbA1c blood test may be recommended, especially if past results were borderline or if your risk factors remain.

For individuals without risk factors or symptoms, routine testing might not be necessary but always check with your doctor to be sure.

Why One Needs Early Testing

Blood sugar issues can develop slowly and often without clear warning signs. By the time noticeable symptoms appear, your sugar levels may already be in the diabetic range. The HbA1c test can catch those trends early, when small adjustments to your routine or diet can still make a big difference.

Research shows that early detection and timely action can reduce the risk of long-term complications related to diabetes.

Getting Tested with Confidence

If you're wondering whether it’s time to take an HbA1c test, you're not alone. Many people seek clarity before symptoms appear – or simply want to confirm that their sugar levels are under control.

The good news is that testing is simple, quick, and widely available. With Apollo Diagnostics, you can book an HbA1c blood test at a nearby centre or opt for home sample collection, depending on what suits you best. Test results are accessible online and backed by the reliability of a trusted healthcare network.

Taking this step could help you stay better informed and take control of your health journey with confidence.